Abstract
The TAR element extending from -17 to +80 in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) is required for activation of gene expression by the tat trans-activator protein. TAR RNA forms a stable stem-loop structure, and mutagenesis studies indicate that the stem structure, the primary sequence of the loop, and the bulge element are the major determinants for tat activation. RNA gel retardation analysis demonstrates that both tat and cellular proteins bind to TAR RNA, but the mechanism by which these proteins increase HIV gene expression is unknown. We have fractionated HeLa cell nuclear extracts in an attempt to identify cellular proteins that bind to TAR RNA and are involved in regulating HIV gene expression. RNA gel retardation and UV cross-linking reveal that a cellular protein of 185 kD, which we designate TAR RNA-binding protein 185 (TRP-185), binds with both high affinity and marked specificity to TAR RNA. RNA gel retardation and competition analyses indicate that TRP-185 binding is strongly dependent on the TAR RNA loop sequences. The binding of TRP-185 is modulated by both a set of cellular cofactors and the tat protein. Highly purified preparations of TRP-185 are capable of activating in vitro transcription of wild-type, but not mutated, HIV LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) constructs. These results characterize a positively acting cellular RNA-binding factor, TRP-185, which is involved in the regulation of HIV gene expression.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2128-2140 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Genes and Development |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue number | 11 |
| State | Published - Nov 1991 |
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Keywords
- Cellular factors
- Gene expression
- HIV
- TAR RNA
- tat
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics
Cite this
tat regulates binding of the human immunodeficiency virus trans-activating region RNA loop-binding protein TRP-185. / Wu, Foon; Garcia, Joseph; Sigman, David; Gaynor, Richard.
In: Genes and Development, Vol. 5, No. 11, 11.1991, p. 2128-2140.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - tat regulates binding of the human immunodeficiency virus trans-activating region RNA loop-binding protein TRP-185
AU - Wu, Foon
AU - Garcia, Joseph
AU - Sigman, David
AU - Gaynor, Richard
PY - 1991/11
Y1 - 1991/11
N2 - The TAR element extending from -17 to +80 in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) is required for activation of gene expression by the tat trans-activator protein. TAR RNA forms a stable stem-loop structure, and mutagenesis studies indicate that the stem structure, the primary sequence of the loop, and the bulge element are the major determinants for tat activation. RNA gel retardation analysis demonstrates that both tat and cellular proteins bind to TAR RNA, but the mechanism by which these proteins increase HIV gene expression is unknown. We have fractionated HeLa cell nuclear extracts in an attempt to identify cellular proteins that bind to TAR RNA and are involved in regulating HIV gene expression. RNA gel retardation and UV cross-linking reveal that a cellular protein of 185 kD, which we designate TAR RNA-binding protein 185 (TRP-185), binds with both high affinity and marked specificity to TAR RNA. RNA gel retardation and competition analyses indicate that TRP-185 binding is strongly dependent on the TAR RNA loop sequences. The binding of TRP-185 is modulated by both a set of cellular cofactors and the tat protein. Highly purified preparations of TRP-185 are capable of activating in vitro transcription of wild-type, but not mutated, HIV LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) constructs. These results characterize a positively acting cellular RNA-binding factor, TRP-185, which is involved in the regulation of HIV gene expression.
AB - The TAR element extending from -17 to +80 in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) is required for activation of gene expression by the tat trans-activator protein. TAR RNA forms a stable stem-loop structure, and mutagenesis studies indicate that the stem structure, the primary sequence of the loop, and the bulge element are the major determinants for tat activation. RNA gel retardation analysis demonstrates that both tat and cellular proteins bind to TAR RNA, but the mechanism by which these proteins increase HIV gene expression is unknown. We have fractionated HeLa cell nuclear extracts in an attempt to identify cellular proteins that bind to TAR RNA and are involved in regulating HIV gene expression. RNA gel retardation and UV cross-linking reveal that a cellular protein of 185 kD, which we designate TAR RNA-binding protein 185 (TRP-185), binds with both high affinity and marked specificity to TAR RNA. RNA gel retardation and competition analyses indicate that TRP-185 binding is strongly dependent on the TAR RNA loop sequences. The binding of TRP-185 is modulated by both a set of cellular cofactors and the tat protein. Highly purified preparations of TRP-185 are capable of activating in vitro transcription of wild-type, but not mutated, HIV LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) constructs. These results characterize a positively acting cellular RNA-binding factor, TRP-185, which is involved in the regulation of HIV gene expression.
KW - Cellular factors
KW - Gene expression
KW - HIV
KW - TAR RNA
KW - tat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026066839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026066839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 5
SP - 2128
EP - 2140
JO - Genes and Development
JF - Genes and Development
SN - 0890-9369
IS - 11
ER -