Abstract
Objective. Emerging evidence supports an association between metabolic risk factors and bone turnover. Statins and exercise independently improve metabolic risk factors; however whether improvements in metabolic risk factor affects bone turnover is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to: 1) evaluate the relationship between metabolic risk factors and bone turnover; and 2) determine if improvements in metabolic risk factors after 12 weeks of statin treatment, exercise or the combination affect bone turnover.
Methods. Fifty participants with ≥2 metabolic syndrome defining characteristics were randomly assigned to one of three groups: statin (STAT: simvastatin, 40 mg/day), exercise (EX: brisk walking and/or slow jogging, 45 minutes/day, 5 days/week), or the combination (STAT + EX). Body composition and whole body bone mineral density were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum markers of bone formation (bone specific alkaline phosphatase, BAP; osteocalcin, OC), resorption (C-terminal peptide of type I collagen, CTX) and metabolic risk factors were determined. Two-factor (time, group) repeated-measures ANCOVA was used to examine changes of metabolic risk factors and bone turnover. General linear models were used to determine the effect of pre-treatment metabolic risk factors on post-treatment bone turnover marker outcomes.
Results. Participants with ≥4 metabolic syndrome defining characteristics had lower pretreatment OC than those with 3 or fewer. OC was negatively correlated with glucose, and CTX was positively correlated with cholesterol. STAT or STAT + EX lowered total and LDL cholesterol. The OC to CTX ratio decreased in all groups with no other significant changes in bone turnover. Higher pre-treatment insulin or body fat predicted a greater CTX reduction and a greater BAP/CTX increase. Conclusion. Metabolic risk factors were negatively associated with bone turnover markers. Short-term statin treatment with orwithout exercise lowered cholesterol and all treatmentshad a small effect on bone turnover.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1398-1408 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Metabolism: clinical and experimental |
Volume | 63 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 1 2014 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Aerobic exercise
- Bone turnover markers
- Metabolic risk factors
- Simvastatin
- The metabolic syndrome
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology