@article{72bb50d478d249e9b10943cb59b51722,
title = "The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Generates Cells with Properties of Stem Cells",
abstract = "The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key developmental program that is often activated during cancer invasion and metastasis. We here report that the induction of an EMT in immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMLEs) results in the acquisition of mesenchymal traits and in the expression of stem-cell markers. Furthermore, we show that those cells have an increased ability to form mammospheres, a property associated with mammary epithelial stem cells. Independent of this, stem cell-like cells isolated from HMLE cultures form mammospheres and express markers similar to those of HMLEs that have undergone an EMT. Moreover, stem-like cells isolated either from mouse or human mammary glands or mammary carcinomas express EMT markers. Finally, transformed human mammary epithelial cells that have undergone an EMT form mammospheres, soft agar colonies, and tumors more efficiently. These findings illustrate a direct link between the EMT and the gain of epithelial stem cell properties.",
keywords = "CELLBIO, HUMDISEASE, STEMCELL",
author = "Mani, {Sendurai A.} and Wenjun Guo and Liao, {Mai Jing} and Eaton, {Elinor Ng} and Ayyakkannu Ayyanan and Zhou, {Alicia Y.} and Mary Brooks and Ferenc Reinhard and Chengcheng Zhang and Michail Shipitsin and Campbell, {Lauren L.} and Kornelia Polyak and Cathrin Brisken and Jing Yang and Weinberg, {Robert A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Richard Goldsby, Rick Lee, Lynn Waldman, Thijn Brummelkamp, Matthew Saelzler, Kurt Evans, and members of the Weinberg laboratory for critical review of the manuscript, and Christine Hickey for administrative help. This research was supported by grants from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, National Cancer Institute Program PO-CA080111, and National Institute of Health (NIH) RO1- CA078461. R.A.W. is an American Cancer Society and Ludwig Foundation professor. S.A.M. received U.S. Army Breast Cancer Research Program Postdoctoral Fellowship DAMD17-01-1-0457. W.G. is a Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow. S.A.M., M.J.L., and R.A.W. are inventors of a patent application in part based on findings described in this manuscript. K.P.'s work is supported in part by Novartis, the NIH (CA89393 and CA94074), and the DOD (W81XWH-07-1-0294); M.S. is a Susan Komen Foundation postdoctoral fellow (PDF0707996). Work in the laboratory of C.B. is partially supported by a grant from the Swiss Cancer League (OCS-01445-12-2003). ",
year = "2008",
month = may,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2008.03.027",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "133",
pages = "704--715",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "4",
}