Determinación inmunohistoquímica de receptores hormonales en cáncer de mama. Estudio retrospectivo en 322 casos.

A study of 322 patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast, followed from 6 to 20 years, is presented. Pathological characteristics including immunohistochemical determinations of estrogen and progesterone receptors are shown, as well as interrelations of the different factors between themselves and with the follow up. Results showed significant relations between positive estrogen receptors and low nuclear grade (p < 0.001), histological low grade (p = 0.06) and positive progesterone receptors (p = 0.001). In addition, progesterone receptors were associated with stage I (p = 0.02); tumors with less than 2 cm in diameter (p = 0.01); low nuclear grade (p < 0.001) and positive estrogen receptors (p < 0.001). The univariate Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors revealed an association between positive lymph nodes and high nuclear grade with a more frequent tumoral recurrence. On the other hand, overall survival was significantly affected by cases in stage II, positive lymph nodes, tumors with diameter greater than 2 cm, and high nuclear grade. Stepwise Cox regression analysis showed that a high nuclear grade, positive lymph nodes and absence of estrogen receptor, were associated with a higher risk for recurrence and that tumor size and the state of lymph nodes were predictive for overall survival. This paper demonstrates that histochemical determination of hormonal receptors is useful because together with other known prognostic factors it contributes to a better management of patients with breast carcinoma.