TY - JOUR
T1 - The increased transglutaminase 2 expression levels during initial tumorigenesis predict increased risk of metastasis and decreased disease-free and cancer-specific survivals in renal cell carcinoma
AU - Erdem, Selcuk
AU - Yegen, Gulcin
AU - Telci, Dilek
AU - Yildiz, Ibrahim
AU - Tefik, Tzevat
AU - Issever, Halim
AU - Kilicaslan, Isin
AU - Sanli, Oner
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects of Istanbul University (Project Number: 34699).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2015/10/30
Y1 - 2015/10/30
N2 - Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transglutaminase 2(TG2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by comparing the immunohistochemistry staining of primary and metastatic tumor tissues. Methods: A total of 33 metastatic RCC(mRCC) and 33 non-metastatic RCC (nmRCC) patients who were matched as closely as possible based on gender, age, nuclear grade and pathologic T stage were retrospectively investigated. TG2 immunohistochemistry staining was performed on paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues from both patient groups and on metastatic tissues from mRCC patients. The tissues were scored from 0 to 7 according to the TG2 staining. Furthermore, the patients were stratified into two groups using median primary tumor staining score as the cutoff value: Group 1 (high risk, n = 41) and Group 2(low risk, n = 22). The clinical, histopathological and survival outcomes were compared between these risk groups using Chi-square test, t test, Mann–Whitney U test and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. Results: The median TG2 score for primary tumor was 5 for the entire study population. The median primary tumor TG2 score of the mRCC patients was significantly higher compared to the nmRCC patients (6 vs. 4, p < 0.001). The TG2 score between the primary and metastatic tissues of mRCC patients was not significantly different (6 vs. 7, p = 0.086). The percentage of metastatic patients was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (68.3 vs. 18.2 %, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that 5-year disease-free (34.9 vs. 92.9 %, p = 0.001) and cancer-specific (47.4 vs. 86.5 %, p = 0.04) survival rates were significantly lower in high-risk group. Conclusions: The increased expression of TG2 in primary tumor predicts metastasis in RCC patients and is also associated with a decrease in disease-free and cancer-specific survival outcomes.
AB - Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transglutaminase 2(TG2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by comparing the immunohistochemistry staining of primary and metastatic tumor tissues. Methods: A total of 33 metastatic RCC(mRCC) and 33 non-metastatic RCC (nmRCC) patients who were matched as closely as possible based on gender, age, nuclear grade and pathologic T stage were retrospectively investigated. TG2 immunohistochemistry staining was performed on paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues from both patient groups and on metastatic tissues from mRCC patients. The tissues were scored from 0 to 7 according to the TG2 staining. Furthermore, the patients were stratified into two groups using median primary tumor staining score as the cutoff value: Group 1 (high risk, n = 41) and Group 2(low risk, n = 22). The clinical, histopathological and survival outcomes were compared between these risk groups using Chi-square test, t test, Mann–Whitney U test and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. Results: The median TG2 score for primary tumor was 5 for the entire study population. The median primary tumor TG2 score of the mRCC patients was significantly higher compared to the nmRCC patients (6 vs. 4, p < 0.001). The TG2 score between the primary and metastatic tissues of mRCC patients was not significantly different (6 vs. 7, p = 0.086). The percentage of metastatic patients was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (68.3 vs. 18.2 %, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that 5-year disease-free (34.9 vs. 92.9 %, p = 0.001) and cancer-specific (47.4 vs. 86.5 %, p = 0.04) survival rates were significantly lower in high-risk group. Conclusions: The increased expression of TG2 in primary tumor predicts metastasis in RCC patients and is also associated with a decrease in disease-free and cancer-specific survival outcomes.
KW - Metastasis
KW - Renal cell carcinoma
KW - Transglutaminase 2
KW - Tumor marker
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U2 - 10.1007/s00345-014-1462-7
DO - 10.1007/s00345-014-1462-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 25515319
AN - SCOPUS:84942513609
SN - 0724-4983
VL - 33
SP - 1553
EP - 1560
JO - World journal of urology
JF - World journal of urology
IS - 10
ER -