TY - JOUR
T1 - Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist (E5564) prevents the chronic airway response to inhaled lipopolysaccharide
AU - Savov, Jordan D.
AU - Brass, David M.
AU - Lawson, Barbara L.
AU - McElvania-Tekippe, Erin
AU - Walker, Julia K L
AU - Schwartz, David A.
PY - 2005/8
Y1 - 2005/8
N2 - Although chronic inhalation of endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes all of the classic features of asthma, including airway hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, and airway remodeling, the mechanisms involved in this process are not clearly understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether intratracheal treatment with LPS antagonist (E5564, a lipid A analog) prevented the development of chronic endotoxin-induced airway disease in a mouse model of environmental airway disease. Pretreatment with 10 and 100 μg of E5564 was found to inhibit the airway response (hyperreactivity and inflammation) for up to 48 h after the administration of the compound. Repeated dosing with 50 μg of E5564 intratracheally did not cause any measurable toxicity. Therefore, in a chronic experiment, mice were treated with either E5564 (50 μg) or vehicle three times weekly for 5 wk and simultaneously daily exposed to either LPS (4.65 ± 0.30 μg/m3) or saline aerosol. E5564 was effective in decreasing the airway hyperreactivity to methacholine, the air space neutrophilia, the interleukin-6 in the lung lavage fluid, and the neutrophil infiltration of the airways 36 h after 5 wk of LPS inhalation. Less collagen deposition was observed in the airways of E5564-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated mice after a 4-wk recovery period. Our results indicate that E5564, a Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, minimizes the physiological and biological effects of chronic LPS inhalation, suggesting a therapeutic role for competitive LPS antagonists in preventing or reducing endotoxin-induced environmental airway disease.
AB - Although chronic inhalation of endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes all of the classic features of asthma, including airway hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, and airway remodeling, the mechanisms involved in this process are not clearly understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether intratracheal treatment with LPS antagonist (E5564, a lipid A analog) prevented the development of chronic endotoxin-induced airway disease in a mouse model of environmental airway disease. Pretreatment with 10 and 100 μg of E5564 was found to inhibit the airway response (hyperreactivity and inflammation) for up to 48 h after the administration of the compound. Repeated dosing with 50 μg of E5564 intratracheally did not cause any measurable toxicity. Therefore, in a chronic experiment, mice were treated with either E5564 (50 μg) or vehicle three times weekly for 5 wk and simultaneously daily exposed to either LPS (4.65 ± 0.30 μg/m3) or saline aerosol. E5564 was effective in decreasing the airway hyperreactivity to methacholine, the air space neutrophilia, the interleukin-6 in the lung lavage fluid, and the neutrophil infiltration of the airways 36 h after 5 wk of LPS inhalation. Less collagen deposition was observed in the airways of E5564-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated mice after a 4-wk recovery period. Our results indicate that E5564, a Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, minimizes the physiological and biological effects of chronic LPS inhalation, suggesting a therapeutic role for competitive LPS antagonists in preventing or reducing endotoxin-induced environmental airway disease.
KW - Airway inflammation
KW - Airway pressure-time index
KW - Airway remodeling
KW - Asthma
KW - Endotoxin
KW - Lipid A
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U2 - 10.1152/ajplung.00014.2005
DO - 10.1152/ajplung.00014.2005
M3 - Article
C2 - 15833764
AN - SCOPUS:22444438642
SN - 1040-0605
VL - 289
SP - L329-L337
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
IS - 2 33-2
ER -