Transfusion support for stem cell transplant recipients

Hematopoietic stem cell patients regularly require transfusion support. Indications for transfusion in this population are similar to other patients being treated with chemoradiation; however, special considerations must be made in regards to pretransfusion testing, ABO compatibility, product modifications, and anticipated challenges while patients undergo engraftment. Additionally, infusion of hematopoietic stem cells requires acute understanding of product collection, modification, and potential side effects. As these patients often require numerous platelet transfusions, platelet refractoriness may be encountered and practice options are discussed. We review current indications and guidelines for transfusion in hematopoietic stem cell patients and make recommendations for best practice based on current literature.