Using simultaneous repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (rTMS/fNIRS) to measure brain activation and connectivity

F. Andrew Kozel; Fenghua Tian; Sameer Dhamne; Paul E. Croarkin; Shawn M. McClintock; Alan Elliott; Kimberly S. Mapes; Mustafa M. Husain; Hanli Liu

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.016

Using simultaneous repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (rTMS/fNIRS) to measure brain activation and connectivity

F. Andrew Kozel, Fenghua Tian, Sameer Dhamne, Paul E. Croarkin, Shawn M. McClintock, Alan Elliott, Kimberly S. Mapes, Mustafa M. Husain, Hanli Liu

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

55 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: Simultaneously acquiring functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) offers the possibility of directly investigating superficial cortical brain activation and connectivity. In addition, the effects of rTMS in distinct brain regions without quantifiable behavioral changes can be objectively measured. Methods: Healthy, nonmedicated participants age 18-50 years were recruited from the local community. After written informed consent was obtained, the participants were screened to ensure that they met inclusion criteria. They underwent two visits of simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS separated by 2 to 3 days. In each visit, the motor cortex and subsequently the prefrontal cortex (5 cm anterior to the motor cortex) were stimulated (1 Hz, max 120% MT, 10 s on with 80 s off, for 15 trains) while simultaneous fNIRS data were acquired from the ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions. Results: Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled with one excluded prior to stimulation. The 11 participants studied (9 male) had a mean age of 31.8 (s.d. 10.2, range 20-49) years. There was no significant difference in fNIRS between Visit 1 and Visit 2. Stimulation of both the motor and prefrontal cortices resulted in a significant decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO₂) concentration in both the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. The ipsilateral and contralateral changes showed high temporal consistency. Discussion: Simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS provides a reliable measure of regional cortical brain activation and connectivity that could be very useful in studying brain disorders as well as cortical changes induced by rTMS.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1177-1184
Number of pages	8
Journal	NeuroImage
Volume	47
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.016
State	Published - Oct 1 2009

Keywords

Brain stimulation
Deoxygenated hemoglobin
Functional neuroimaging
Healthy subjects
Optical imaging
Oxygenated hemoglobin
TMS
fNIRS
rTMS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Neurology
Cognitive Neuroscience

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10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.016

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Kozel, F. A., Tian, F., Dhamne, S., Croarkin, P. E., McClintock, S. M., Elliott, A., Mapes, K. S., Husain, M. M., & Liu, H. (2009). Using simultaneous repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (rTMS/fNIRS) to measure brain activation and connectivity. NeuroImage, 47(4), 1177-1184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.016

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title = "Using simultaneous repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (rTMS/fNIRS) to measure brain activation and connectivity",

abstract = "Introduction: Simultaneously acquiring functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) offers the possibility of directly investigating superficial cortical brain activation and connectivity. In addition, the effects of rTMS in distinct brain regions without quantifiable behavioral changes can be objectively measured. Methods: Healthy, nonmedicated participants age 18-50 years were recruited from the local community. After written informed consent was obtained, the participants were screened to ensure that they met inclusion criteria. They underwent two visits of simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS separated by 2 to 3 days. In each visit, the motor cortex and subsequently the prefrontal cortex (5 cm anterior to the motor cortex) were stimulated (1 Hz, max 120% MT, 10 s on with 80 s off, for 15 trains) while simultaneous fNIRS data were acquired from the ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions. Results: Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled with one excluded prior to stimulation. The 11 participants studied (9 male) had a mean age of 31.8 (s.d. 10.2, range 20-49) years. There was no significant difference in fNIRS between Visit 1 and Visit 2. Stimulation of both the motor and prefrontal cortices resulted in a significant decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) concentration in both the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. The ipsilateral and contralateral changes showed high temporal consistency. Discussion: Simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS provides a reliable measure of regional cortical brain activation and connectivity that could be very useful in studying brain disorders as well as cortical changes induced by rTMS.",

keywords = "Brain stimulation, Deoxygenated hemoglobin, Functional neuroimaging, Healthy subjects, Optical imaging, Oxygenated hemoglobin, TMS, fNIRS, rTMS",

author = "Kozel, {F. Andrew} and Fenghua Tian and Sameer Dhamne and Croarkin, {Paul E.} and McClintock, {Shawn M.} and Alan Elliott and Mapes, {Kimberly S.} and Husain, {Mustafa M.} and Hanli Liu",

note = "Funding Information: Funding was provided by a contribution from the Jack A. Burke Estate; Grant-in-kind of supplies and TMS machine from Neuronetics; supplies and fNIRS machine from UT Arlington; and Grant-in-kind of supplies and personnel from UT Southwestern Medical Center. Dr. Kozel was supported by a K23 from the NIMH (5K23MH070897-01). The authors acknowledge the editorial support of Jeanne McCurdy. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Government.",

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AU - Kozel, F. Andrew

AU - Tian, Fenghua

AU - Dhamne, Sameer

AU - Croarkin, Paul E.

AU - McClintock, Shawn M.

AU - Elliott, Alan

AU - Mapes, Kimberly S.

AU - Husain, Mustafa M.

AU - Liu, Hanli

N1 - Funding Information: Funding was provided by a contribution from the Jack A. Burke Estate; Grant-in-kind of supplies and TMS machine from Neuronetics; supplies and fNIRS machine from UT Arlington; and Grant-in-kind of supplies and personnel from UT Southwestern Medical Center. Dr. Kozel was supported by a K23 from the NIMH (5K23MH070897-01). The authors acknowledge the editorial support of Jeanne McCurdy. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Government.

PY - 2009/10/1

Y1 - 2009/10/1

N2 - Introduction: Simultaneously acquiring functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) offers the possibility of directly investigating superficial cortical brain activation and connectivity. In addition, the effects of rTMS in distinct brain regions without quantifiable behavioral changes can be objectively measured. Methods: Healthy, nonmedicated participants age 18-50 years were recruited from the local community. After written informed consent was obtained, the participants were screened to ensure that they met inclusion criteria. They underwent two visits of simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS separated by 2 to 3 days. In each visit, the motor cortex and subsequently the prefrontal cortex (5 cm anterior to the motor cortex) were stimulated (1 Hz, max 120% MT, 10 s on with 80 s off, for 15 trains) while simultaneous fNIRS data were acquired from the ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions. Results: Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled with one excluded prior to stimulation. The 11 participants studied (9 male) had a mean age of 31.8 (s.d. 10.2, range 20-49) years. There was no significant difference in fNIRS between Visit 1 and Visit 2. Stimulation of both the motor and prefrontal cortices resulted in a significant decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) concentration in both the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. The ipsilateral and contralateral changes showed high temporal consistency. Discussion: Simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS provides a reliable measure of regional cortical brain activation and connectivity that could be very useful in studying brain disorders as well as cortical changes induced by rTMS.

AB - Introduction: Simultaneously acquiring functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) offers the possibility of directly investigating superficial cortical brain activation and connectivity. In addition, the effects of rTMS in distinct brain regions without quantifiable behavioral changes can be objectively measured. Methods: Healthy, nonmedicated participants age 18-50 years were recruited from the local community. After written informed consent was obtained, the participants were screened to ensure that they met inclusion criteria. They underwent two visits of simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS separated by 2 to 3 days. In each visit, the motor cortex and subsequently the prefrontal cortex (5 cm anterior to the motor cortex) were stimulated (1 Hz, max 120% MT, 10 s on with 80 s off, for 15 trains) while simultaneous fNIRS data were acquired from the ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions. Results: Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled with one excluded prior to stimulation. The 11 participants studied (9 male) had a mean age of 31.8 (s.d. 10.2, range 20-49) years. There was no significant difference in fNIRS between Visit 1 and Visit 2. Stimulation of both the motor and prefrontal cortices resulted in a significant decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) concentration in both the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. The ipsilateral and contralateral changes showed high temporal consistency. Discussion: Simultaneous rTMS/fNIRS provides a reliable measure of regional cortical brain activation and connectivity that could be very useful in studying brain disorders as well as cortical changes induced by rTMS.

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KW - Deoxygenated hemoglobin

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KW - Healthy subjects

KW - Optical imaging

KW - Oxygenated hemoglobin

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Using simultaneous repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (rTMS/fNIRS) to measure brain activation and connectivity

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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