Co-localization of ¹²⁵I-epidermal growth factor and ferritin-low density lipoprotein in coated pits: A quantitative electron microscopic study in normal mutant human fibroblasts

LOW density lipoprotein (LDL) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) bind to receptors on the surface of human fibroblasts and are internalized in coated vesicles. Each of the ligands has been studied separately by electron microscopy in human fibroblasts using ferritin-LDL as one visual probe and ¹²⁵I-EGF as a second visual probe. A mutant strain of human fibroblasts (J.D.) has been described in which LDL does not localize to coated pits and hence is not internalized. Because LDL and EGF do not compete with each other for binding, in the current studies we coincubated the two ligands with normal and mutant cells to visualize their cellular fates. In normal fibroblasts ferritin-LDL and ¹²⁵I-EGF both bound preferentially to coated pits at 4°C and both ligands were internalized into endocytotic vesicles and lysosomes. Quantitative studies in normal cells showed that 75% of the coated pits and vesicles that contained ¹²⁵I-EGF also contained ferritin-LDL, indicating that both ligands enter the cell through the same endocytotic vesicles. In the LDL internalization-mutant J.D. cells, ferritin-LDL did not localize in coated pits and was not internalized, but ¹²⁵I-EGF bound to coated pits and was internalized just as in normal fibroblasts.