TY - JOUR
T1 - Comorbid psychiatric disorders in depressed outpatients
T2 - Demographic and clinical features
AU - Rush, A. John
AU - Zimmerman, Mark
AU - Wisniewski, Stephen R.
AU - Fava, Maurizio
AU - Hollon, Steven D.
AU - Warden, Diane
AU - Biggs, Melanie M.
AU - Shores-Wilson, Kathy
AU - Shelton, Richard C.
AU - Luther, James F.
AU - Thomas, Brandi
AU - Trivedi, Madhukar H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Health, National Institute of Mental Health under Contract N01-MH-90003 to UT Southwestern Medical Center (A.J. Rush, P.I.). Additional funds were provided by the Betty Jo Hay Distinguished Chair in Mental Health, Rosewood Corporation Chair in Biomedical Science, and the Sara M. and Charles E. Seay Center for Basic and Applied Research in Psychiatry (A.J.R.).
PY - 2005/7
Y1 - 2005/7
N2 - Background: This study evaluated the clinical and sociodemographic features associated with various degrees of concurrent comorbidity in adult outpatients with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Outpatients enrolled in the STAR*D trial completed the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ). An a priori 90% specificity threshold was set for PDSQ responses to ascertain the presence of 11 different concurrent DSM-IV Axis I disorders. Results: Of 1376 outpatients, 38.2% had no concurrent comorbidities, while 25.6% suffered one, 16.1% suffered two, and 20.2% suffered three or more comorbid conditions. Altogether, 29.3% met threshold for social anxiety disorder, 20.8% for generalized anxiety disorder, 18.8% for posttraumatic stress disorder, 12.4% for bulimia, 11.9% for alcohol abuse/dependence, 13.4% for obsessive-compulsive disorder, 11.1% for panic disorder, 9.4% for agoraphobia, 7.3% for drug abuse/dependence, 3.7% for hypochondriasis, and 2.2% for somatoform disorder. Those with more concurrent Axis I conditions had earlier ages at first onset of MDD, longer histories of MDD, greater depressive symptom severity, more general medical comorbidity (even though they were younger than those with fewer comorbid conditions), poorer physical and mental function, health perceptions, and life satisfaction; and were more likely to be seen in primary care settings. Limitations: Participants had to meet entry criteria for STAR*D. Ascertainment of comorbid conditions was not based on a structured interview. Conclusions: Concurrent Axis I conditions (most often anxiety disorders) are very common with MDD. Greater numbers of concurrent comorbid conditions were associated with increased severity, morbidity, and chronicity of their MDD.
AB - Background: This study evaluated the clinical and sociodemographic features associated with various degrees of concurrent comorbidity in adult outpatients with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Outpatients enrolled in the STAR*D trial completed the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ). An a priori 90% specificity threshold was set for PDSQ responses to ascertain the presence of 11 different concurrent DSM-IV Axis I disorders. Results: Of 1376 outpatients, 38.2% had no concurrent comorbidities, while 25.6% suffered one, 16.1% suffered two, and 20.2% suffered three or more comorbid conditions. Altogether, 29.3% met threshold for social anxiety disorder, 20.8% for generalized anxiety disorder, 18.8% for posttraumatic stress disorder, 12.4% for bulimia, 11.9% for alcohol abuse/dependence, 13.4% for obsessive-compulsive disorder, 11.1% for panic disorder, 9.4% for agoraphobia, 7.3% for drug abuse/dependence, 3.7% for hypochondriasis, and 2.2% for somatoform disorder. Those with more concurrent Axis I conditions had earlier ages at first onset of MDD, longer histories of MDD, greater depressive symptom severity, more general medical comorbidity (even though they were younger than those with fewer comorbid conditions), poorer physical and mental function, health perceptions, and life satisfaction; and were more likely to be seen in primary care settings. Limitations: Participants had to meet entry criteria for STAR*D. Ascertainment of comorbid conditions was not based on a structured interview. Conclusions: Concurrent Axis I conditions (most often anxiety disorders) are very common with MDD. Greater numbers of concurrent comorbid conditions were associated with increased severity, morbidity, and chronicity of their MDD.
KW - Anxiety disorders
KW - Comorbid conditions
KW - Course of illness
KW - Depression
KW - Morbidity
KW - Quality of life
KW - Symptoms
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2005.03.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2005.03.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 15894381
AN - SCOPUS:20444455360
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 87
SP - 43
EP - 55
JO - Journal of affective disorders
JF - Journal of affective disorders
IS - 1
ER -