@article{68f65d4581ad4775840a649007667452,
title = "Complications of chronic kidney disease: current state, knowledge gaps, and strategy for action",
abstract = "The International Society of Nephrology has adopted a proactive approach to defining the current state of kidney care and unmet needs through a multifaceted Closing the Gaps initiative. As part of this initiative, the International Society of Nephrology convened a meeting of experts to develop an approach to tackle acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This manuscript expands on the recently published International Society of Nephrology CKD Roadmap and reports on the discussions of the working group assigned to the task of reviewing the global impact of complication of CKD. The working group defined the following goals: Goal 1: Optimize the management of anemia and endocrine and metabolic abnormalities associated with CKD. The impact of these conditions at a global level is not well understood, particularly in regions where renal replacement therapy is not readily available. Some treatment regimens may be affordable in low- and middle-income countries and if implemented, could have an impact on the burden of suffering associated with CKD. Goal 2: Improve the prevention and management of cardiovascular complications linked to CKD. Most research on cardiovascular complications of CKD has focused on atherosclerotic diseases (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral gangrene). There has been growing recognition that other forms of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, valvular disease and arrhythmias, have a major impact on patient outcomes. Much less is known about the mechanisms and treatment of these non-atherosclerotic complications. Goal 3: Improve the diagnosis and management of symptoms associated with CKD. Symptom management is one of the greatest challenges in the management of CKD, with limited knowledge about the mechanisms associated with the development of these common problems and how best to characterize them into usable clinical phenotypes. Improved understanding of the complications of CKD may alleviate suffering and prolong life among millions of people worldwide both in developed countries and in regions where renal replacement therapy is not widely available.",
keywords = "CKD, complications, knowledge gaps, management, mechanisms",
author = "Bello, {Aminu K.} and Mona Alrukhaimi and Ashuntantang, {Gloria E.} and Shakti Basnet and Rotter, {Ricardo C.} and Douthat, {Walter G.} and Rumeyza Kazancioglu and Anna K{\"o}ttgen and Masaomi Nangaku and Powe, {Neil R.} and White, {Sarah L.} and Wheeler, {David C.} and Orson Moe",
note = "Funding Information: RCR declared consulting fees from AbbVie and AstraZeneca, lecture fees from AstraZeneca and Roche, and grant support from AbbVie. RK declared lecture fees from Baxter. AK declared consulting fees and grant support from AstraZeneca and US patent 8,722,338. MN declared consulting fees from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Daiichi Sankyo, Astellas, Chugai, GSK, Tanabe Mitsubishi, Takeda, Taisho, and Ono and lecture fees from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, JT Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tanabe Mitsubishi, MSD, Takeda, AstraZeneca, Boehringer, Kowa, Bayer, Otsuka, Alexion, Mochida, SanwaKagaku, Torii, Kissei, and Toyamakagaku. NP declared consulting fees from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Methodology Committee, Parkland Center for Clinical Innovation, Parkland Hospital, Healthwise and Informed Medical Decision Making Foundation and grant support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. DCW declared consulting fees from Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Akebia, Union Chimique Belge Celltech, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Vifor Fresenius, Otsuka, Janssen, Alberta Innovates Health Solutions, AstraZeneca, Bio Nano; lecture fees from Fresenius, Amgen, Janssen, ZS Pharma, and Vifor Fresenius; and grant support from the British Heart Foundation, Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership, Kidney Research UK, National Institute for Health Research, Australian National Health & Medical Research Council. OM declared consulting fees from Allena and Adelyx and grant support from the National Institutes of Health, American Heart Association, and Department of Defense and is named as the co-inventor of Effervescent calcium magnesium citrate and synthetic anti-Klotho antibodies. All the other authors have declared no competing interests. Funding Information: Publication of this article was supported by the International Society of Nephrology. Funding Information: The manuscript emerged as an individual product of the Global Kidney Health Summit held in Vancouver, Canada in July 2016. Support of the Summit was made possible through unrestricted grants from various organizations in addition to the International Society of Nephrology. These include the following (in alphabetical order): AbbVie Inc., Akebia Therapeutics Inc., Amgen, AstraZeneca LP, Boehringer Ingelheim-Lilly, Danone Nutricia Research, Janssen Canada, Merck Global, and Regulus Therapeutics Inc. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 International Society of Nephrology",
year = "2017",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.007",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "7",
pages = "122--129",
journal = "Kidney International Supplements",
issn = "2157-1724",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "2",
}