TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of dietary restriction and N-acetylcysteine supplementation on intestinal mucosa and liver mitochondrial redox status and function in aged rats
AU - Grattagliano, Ignazio
AU - Portincasa, Piero
AU - Cocco, Tiziana
AU - Moschetta, Antonio
AU - Di Paola, Marco
AU - Palmieri, Vincenzo O.
AU - Palasciano, Giuseppe
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financially supported in part by the grant within the National Research Project (PRIN) for ‘Brain Aging in animal models’ of MURST, Italy.
PY - 2004/9
Y1 - 2004/9
N2 - The age-related changes of glutathione (GSH) levels and the effect of hypocaloric regimen and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation were investigated in intestinal mucosa and liver mitochondria of 28 months rats. Old rats exhibited lower proteins, GSH and protein sulphydrils (PSH) concentrations, higher GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and protein carbonyl deposit, partial inhibition of succinate stimulated mitochondrial state III respiration and decreased mitochondrial nitrosothiols (RSNO) concentration. Lower electric potential and current intensity were found in the colonic mucosa. Old rats undergone hypocaloric regimen showed higher intestinal concentrations of GSH, lower oxidized protein accumulation and GSH-Px activity and higher mitochondrial RSNO levels. Mitochondrial state III respiration and intestinal transport were improved. NAC supplementation enhanced GSH and PSH levels in the ileal but not in the colonic mucosa, GSH and RSNO in liver mitochondria, while GSH-Px and protein carbonyls were decreased everywhere. Mitochondrial respiration ameliorated. In conclusion, ageing is characterized by a spread decrease of GSH concentrations, increased protein oxidation and decreased mitochondrial NO content. Hypocaloric diet ameliorated intestinal transport and, as well as NAC, was effective in enhancing GSH levels but at different extent according to the investigated districts. Both interventions reduced the age-associated increase of GSH-Px and protein carbonyls and improved mitochondrial respiration.
AB - The age-related changes of glutathione (GSH) levels and the effect of hypocaloric regimen and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation were investigated in intestinal mucosa and liver mitochondria of 28 months rats. Old rats exhibited lower proteins, GSH and protein sulphydrils (PSH) concentrations, higher GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and protein carbonyl deposit, partial inhibition of succinate stimulated mitochondrial state III respiration and decreased mitochondrial nitrosothiols (RSNO) concentration. Lower electric potential and current intensity were found in the colonic mucosa. Old rats undergone hypocaloric regimen showed higher intestinal concentrations of GSH, lower oxidized protein accumulation and GSH-Px activity and higher mitochondrial RSNO levels. Mitochondrial state III respiration and intestinal transport were improved. NAC supplementation enhanced GSH and PSH levels in the ileal but not in the colonic mucosa, GSH and RSNO in liver mitochondria, while GSH-Px and protein carbonyls were decreased everywhere. Mitochondrial respiration ameliorated. In conclusion, ageing is characterized by a spread decrease of GSH concentrations, increased protein oxidation and decreased mitochondrial NO content. Hypocaloric diet ameliorated intestinal transport and, as well as NAC, was effective in enhancing GSH levels but at different extent according to the investigated districts. Both interventions reduced the age-associated increase of GSH-Px and protein carbonyls and improved mitochondrial respiration.
KW - Glutathione
KW - Glutathione peroxidase
KW - Intestinal transport
KW - Mitochondrial respiration
KW - Nitrosothiols
KW - Protein sulfhydrils
KW - Ussing chamber
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=5444240112&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=5444240112&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.exger.2004.06.001
DO - 10.1016/j.exger.2004.06.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 15489055
AN - SCOPUS:5444240112
SN - 0531-5565
VL - 39
SP - 1323
EP - 1332
JO - Experimental Gerontology
JF - Experimental Gerontology
IS - 9
ER -