TY - JOUR
T1 - Lessons From the Laboratory
T2 - The Pathophysiology, and Consequences of Status Epilepticus
AU - Rajasekaran, Karthik
AU - Zanelli, Santina A.
AU - Goodkin, Howard P.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - Status epilepticus (SE) is the most common neurologic emergency of childhood. Experimental models parallel several clinical features of SE including (1) treatment is complicated by an increasing probability that benzodiazepines will fail with increasing seizure duration and (2) outcome varies with age and etiology. Studies using these models showed that the activity-dependent trafficking of GABAA receptors contributes in part to the progressive decline in GABA-mediated inhibition and the failure of the benzodiazepines. Furthermore, laboratory studies have provided evidence that age and inciting stimulus interact to determine the neuronal circuits activated during SE (ie, functional anatomy) and that differences in functional anatomy can partially account for variations in SE outcome. Future laboratory studies are likely to provide an additional understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie SE and its consequences. Such studies are necessary in the development of rational emergent therapy for SE and its long-term outcomes.
AB - Status epilepticus (SE) is the most common neurologic emergency of childhood. Experimental models parallel several clinical features of SE including (1) treatment is complicated by an increasing probability that benzodiazepines will fail with increasing seizure duration and (2) outcome varies with age and etiology. Studies using these models showed that the activity-dependent trafficking of GABAA receptors contributes in part to the progressive decline in GABA-mediated inhibition and the failure of the benzodiazepines. Furthermore, laboratory studies have provided evidence that age and inciting stimulus interact to determine the neuronal circuits activated during SE (ie, functional anatomy) and that differences in functional anatomy can partially account for variations in SE outcome. Future laboratory studies are likely to provide an additional understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie SE and its consequences. Such studies are necessary in the development of rational emergent therapy for SE and its long-term outcomes.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.spen.2010.06.002
DO - 10.1016/j.spen.2010.06.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20727481
AN - SCOPUS:77955786578
SN - 1071-9091
VL - 17
SP - 136
EP - 143
JO - Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
JF - Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
IS - 3
ER -