@article{a257b3535c374bcb93c4d13cfd4d5a34,
title = "MAR1 links membrane adhesion to membrane merger during cell-cell fusion in Chlamydomonas",
abstract = "Union of two gametes to form a zygote is a defining event in the life of sexual eukaryotes, yet the mechanisms that underlie cell-cell fusion during fertilization remain poorly characterized. Here, in studies of fertilization in the green alga, Chlamydomonas, we report identification of a membrane protein on minus gametes, Minus Adhesion Receptor 1 (MAR1), that is essential for the membrane attachment with plus gametes that immediately precedes lipid bilayer merger. We show that MAR1 forms a receptor pair with previously identified receptor FUS1 on plus gametes, whose ectodomain architecture we find is identical to a sperm adhesion protein conserved throughout plant lineages. Strikingly, before fusion, MAR1 is biochemically and functionally associated with the ancient, evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic Class II fusion protein HAP2 on minus gametes. Thus, the integral membrane protein MAR1 provides a molecular link between membrane adhesion and bilayer merger during fertilization in Chlamydomonas.",
keywords = "Chlamydomonas, FUS1, GEX2, HAP2, MAR1, cell adhesion, cell-cell fusion, fertilization, gamete adhesion, gamete fusion",
author = "Pinello, {Jennifer F.} and Yanjie Liu and Snell, {William J.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank UMD colleagues Jocelyn Chen and Drs. Jun Zhang, Mayanka Awasthi, and Peeyush Ranjan; UT Southwestern colleagues Drs. Muqing Cao, Wenhao Li, Jue Ning, and Saikat Mukhopadhyay; Institut Pasteur colleagues Drs. Felix Rey, Eduard Salazar, and Ignacio Fernandez; and colleague, Ursula Goodenough, Washington University, St. Louis, for helpful discussions; Dr. Tim Maugel of the UMD Laboratory for Biological Ultrastructure for assistance with SEM; and Drs. Kate Luby-Phelps and Abhijit Bugde (UT Southwestern Medical Center, Live Cell Imaging Core) and Amy Beaven (UMD, Imaging Core) for guidance with light microscopy. Funding was provided by NIH GM56778 and GM122565 to W.J.S. and F32-GM126735 to J.F.P. J.F.P. Y.L. and W.J.S. designed the experiments. J.F.P. and Y.L. performed the experiments. J.F.P. Y.L. and W.J.S. analyzed the results and prepared the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: We thank UMD colleagues Jocelyn Chen and Drs. Jun Zhang, Mayanka Awasthi, and Peeyush Ranjan; UT Southwestern colleagues Drs. Muqing Cao, Wenhao Li, Jue Ning, and Saikat Mukhopadhyay; Institut Pasteur colleagues Drs. Felix Rey, Eduard Salazar, and Ignacio Fernandez; and colleague, Ursula Goodenough, Washington University, St. Louis, for helpful discussions; Dr. Tim Maugel of the UMD Laboratory for Biological Ultrastructure for assistance with SEM; and Drs. Kate Luby-Phelps and Abhijit Bugde (UT Southwestern Medical Center, Live Cell Imaging Core) and Amy Beaven (UMD, Imaging Core) for guidance with light microscopy. Funding was provided by NIH GM56778 and GM122565 to W.J.S. and F32-GM126735 to J.F.P. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
day = "20",
doi = "10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.023",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "56",
pages = "3380--3392.e9",
journal = "Developmental Cell",
issn = "1534-5807",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "24",
}