Abstract
Purpose The water molecule exchange rates in a series of DyDOTA-(amide)X chelates were fine-tuned to maximize the effects of T2-exchange line broadening and improve T2 contrast. Methods Four DyDOTA-(amide)X chelates having a variable number of glycinate side-arms were prepared and characterized as T2-exchange agents. The nonexchanging DyTETA chelate was also used to measure the bulk water T2 reduction due solely to T2*. The total transverse relaxivity (r2tot) at 22, 37, and 52°C for each chelate was measured in vitro at 9.4 Tesla (400 MHz) by fitting plots of total T2-1 versus concentration. The water molecule exchange rates for each complex were measured by fitting 17O line-width versus temperature data taken at 9.4 Tesla (54.3 MHz). Results The measured transverse relaxivities due to water molecule exchange (r2ex) and bound water lifetimes (τM) were in excellent agreement with Swift-Connick theory, with DyDOTA-(gly)3 giving the largest r2ex = 11.8 s-1 mM-1 at 37°C. Conclusion By fine-tuning the water molecule exchange rate at 37°C, the transverse relaxivity has been increased by 2 to 30 times compared with previously studied Dy3+-based chelates. Polymerization or dendrimerization of the optimal chelate could yield a highly sensitive, molecule-sized T2 contrast agent for improved molecular imaging applications.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1179-1185 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Magnetic resonance in medicine |
Volume | 71 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 2014 |
Keywords
- Dysprosium(III)
- MRI
- in vitro
- water molecule exchange
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging