Opt-out HIV and hepatitis C testing at the dallas county Jail: Uptake, prevalence, and demographic characteristics of testers

Carolina de la Flor; Esmaeil Porsa; Ank E. Nijhawan

doi:10.1177/0033354917732755

Opt-out HIV and hepatitis C testing at the dallas county Jail: Uptake, prevalence, and demographic characteristics of testers

Carolina de la Flor, Esmaeil Porsa, Ank E. Nijhawan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

32 Scopus citations

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are common in the criminal justice system.We offered opt-out HIV/HCV testing at the Dallas County Jail during intake from June 2015 to November 2016, after which testing was integrated into routine phlebotomy processes. The uptake of testing increased from 12.9% (118/915) in June 2015 to 80.5% (269/334) in January 2016. HIV was confirmed in 1.0% (30/3155) of inmates; 6 were new diagnoses and all were linked to care. HCV antibody positivity was found in 16.4% (500/4042) of inmates. Sixty percent (155/258) of HCVpositive inmates born between 1945 and 1965 (ie, baby boomers) were non-Hispanic black, whereas 56.2% (136/242) born after 1965 were non-Hispanic white. Testing only baby boomers would have missed approximately half of HCV infections, predominantly among young, non-Hispanic white people. Future efforts should expand HIV and HCV testing in jails, as it is feasible, acceptable, and increases prevention and engagement in care for a high-prevalence, hard-to-reach population.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	617-621
Number of pages	5
Journal	Public Health Reports
Volume	132
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354917732755
State	Published - Nov 2017

Keywords

HIV/AIDS
Health disparities
Hepatitis C virus
Incarceration
Opt-out
Testing

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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10.1177/0033354917732755

Cite this

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title = "Opt-out HIV and hepatitis C testing at the dallas county Jail: Uptake, prevalence, and demographic characteristics of testers",

abstract = "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are common in the criminal justice system.We offered opt-out HIV/HCV testing at the Dallas County Jail during intake from June 2015 to November 2016, after which testing was integrated into routine phlebotomy processes. The uptake of testing increased from 12.9% (118/915) in June 2015 to 80.5% (269/334) in January 2016. HIV was confirmed in 1.0% (30/3155) of inmates; 6 were new diagnoses and all were linked to care. HCV antibody positivity was found in 16.4% (500/4042) of inmates. Sixty percent (155/258) of HCVpositive inmates born between 1945 and 1965 (ie, baby boomers) were non-Hispanic black, whereas 56.2% (136/242) born after 1965 were non-Hispanic white. Testing only baby boomers would have missed approximately half of HCV infections, predominantly among young, non-Hispanic white people. Future efforts should expand HIV and HCV testing in jails, as it is feasible, acceptable, and increases prevention and engagement in care for a high-prevalence, hard-to-reach population.",

keywords = "HIV/AIDS, Health disparities, Hepatitis C virus, Incarceration, Opt-out, Testing",

author = "{de la Flor}, Carolina and Esmaeil Porsa and Nijhawan, {Ank E.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This project was funded by the Gilead FOCUS program. A.E.N. is supported by funding from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23 AI 112477). The authors would like to acknowledge the efforts of all the opt-out HIV/HCV project staff members at the Dallas County Jail. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health All rights reserved.",

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N1 - Funding Information: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This project was funded by the Gilead FOCUS program. A.E.N. is supported by funding from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23 AI 112477). The authors would like to acknowledge the efforts of all the opt-out HIV/HCV project staff members at the Dallas County Jail. Publisher Copyright: © 2017, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health All rights reserved.

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N2 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are common in the criminal justice system.We offered opt-out HIV/HCV testing at the Dallas County Jail during intake from June 2015 to November 2016, after which testing was integrated into routine phlebotomy processes. The uptake of testing increased from 12.9% (118/915) in June 2015 to 80.5% (269/334) in January 2016. HIV was confirmed in 1.0% (30/3155) of inmates; 6 were new diagnoses and all were linked to care. HCV antibody positivity was found in 16.4% (500/4042) of inmates. Sixty percent (155/258) of HCVpositive inmates born between 1945 and 1965 (ie, baby boomers) were non-Hispanic black, whereas 56.2% (136/242) born after 1965 were non-Hispanic white. Testing only baby boomers would have missed approximately half of HCV infections, predominantly among young, non-Hispanic white people. Future efforts should expand HIV and HCV testing in jails, as it is feasible, acceptable, and increases prevention and engagement in care for a high-prevalence, hard-to-reach population.

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Opt-out HIV and hepatitis C testing at the dallas county Jail: Uptake, prevalence, and demographic characteristics of testers

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