TY - JOUR
T1 - Patterns of antihypertensive treatment in patients with acute severe hypertension from a nonneurologic cause
T2 - Studying the Treatment of Acute Hypertension (STAT) Registry
AU - Devlin, John W.
AU - Dasta, Joseph F.
AU - Kleinschmidt, Kurt
AU - Roberts, Russel J.
AU - Lapointe, Marc
AU - Varon, Joseph
AU - Anderson, Frederick A.
AU - Wyman, Allison
AU - Granger, Christopher B.
PY - 2010/11
Y1 - 2010/11
N2 - Study Objective. To assess antihypertensive treatment practices and outcomes for patients with acute severe hypertension requiring hospitalization. Design. Subanalysis of a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study. Data Source. The STAT registry (data from 25 hospitals). Patients. A total of 1184 consecutive adults with acute severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥ 180 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mm Hg), without a neurologic reason for admission, receiving two or more intermittent intravenous antihypertensive doses or a continuous intravenous infusion within 24 hours of hospitalization. Measurements and Main Results. Patients started intravenous antihypertensive therapy 1.3 (median [interquartile range (IQR) 0.5-3.2]) hours after the qualifying SBP (median 204 [IQR 190-221] mm Hg). Labetalol (27%), metoprolol (21%), and nitroglycerin (20%) were the most frequent initial intravenous choices. For the 43% of patients administered two or more intravenous agents sequentially, the 24% receiving three or more, and the 8% receiving four or more, median SBPs at the time of the second, third, and fourth additions were 186 (IQR 168-211), 176 (IQR 152-196), and 164 (IQR 143-193) mm Hg, respectively. Most common continuous intravenous infusions were nitroglycerin (30%), nicardipine (13%), and labetalol (7%). After the first intravenous agent, an SBP decrease of 10-25% was achieved at 1 and 6 hours in 48% and 72%, respectively. Of the 6% without at least a 10% decrease in SBP during the entire hospitalization, labetalol (28%), hydralazine (21%), and metoprolol (17%) were the most frequent initial intravenous choices. Hypotension (SBP ≤ 90 mm Hg) occurred in 5% and was most common with intravenous nitroglycerin (39%). Oral antihypertensives were started within 1 and 6 hours after the first intravenous therapy in 13% and 34% of patients, respectively, with many patients (61%) receiving three or more oral agents during hospitalization. Conclusion. Pharmacologic treatment of acute severe hypertension in patients with nonneurologic causes is heterogeneous and often not consistent with Joint National Committee recommendations. Patients received numerous intravenous agents, experienced variable decreases in SBP, often failed to receive timely oral therapy, and a clinically relevant proportion developed hypotension.
AB - Study Objective. To assess antihypertensive treatment practices and outcomes for patients with acute severe hypertension requiring hospitalization. Design. Subanalysis of a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study. Data Source. The STAT registry (data from 25 hospitals). Patients. A total of 1184 consecutive adults with acute severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥ 180 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mm Hg), without a neurologic reason for admission, receiving two or more intermittent intravenous antihypertensive doses or a continuous intravenous infusion within 24 hours of hospitalization. Measurements and Main Results. Patients started intravenous antihypertensive therapy 1.3 (median [interquartile range (IQR) 0.5-3.2]) hours after the qualifying SBP (median 204 [IQR 190-221] mm Hg). Labetalol (27%), metoprolol (21%), and nitroglycerin (20%) were the most frequent initial intravenous choices. For the 43% of patients administered two or more intravenous agents sequentially, the 24% receiving three or more, and the 8% receiving four or more, median SBPs at the time of the second, third, and fourth additions were 186 (IQR 168-211), 176 (IQR 152-196), and 164 (IQR 143-193) mm Hg, respectively. Most common continuous intravenous infusions were nitroglycerin (30%), nicardipine (13%), and labetalol (7%). After the first intravenous agent, an SBP decrease of 10-25% was achieved at 1 and 6 hours in 48% and 72%, respectively. Of the 6% without at least a 10% decrease in SBP during the entire hospitalization, labetalol (28%), hydralazine (21%), and metoprolol (17%) were the most frequent initial intravenous choices. Hypotension (SBP ≤ 90 mm Hg) occurred in 5% and was most common with intravenous nitroglycerin (39%). Oral antihypertensives were started within 1 and 6 hours after the first intravenous therapy in 13% and 34% of patients, respectively, with many patients (61%) receiving three or more oral agents during hospitalization. Conclusion. Pharmacologic treatment of acute severe hypertension in patients with nonneurologic causes is heterogeneous and often not consistent with Joint National Committee recommendations. Patients received numerous intravenous agents, experienced variable decreases in SBP, often failed to receive timely oral therapy, and a clinically relevant proportion developed hypotension.
KW - Antihypertensive drugs
KW - Hydralazine
KW - Hypertensive crisis
KW - Labetalol
KW - Metoprolol
KW - Nicardipine
KW - Nitroglycerin
KW - Practice patterns
KW - Severe hypertension
KW - Sodium nitroprusside
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78149399201&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=78149399201&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1592/phco.30.11.1087
DO - 10.1592/phco.30.11.1087
M3 - Article
C2 - 20973682
AN - SCOPUS:78149399201
SN - 0277-0008
VL - 30
SP - 1087
EP - 1096
JO - Pharmacotherapy
JF - Pharmacotherapy
IS - 11
ER -