TY - JOUR
T1 - Pharmacokinetics and Bacteriologic Efficacy of Moxalactam, Cefotaxime, Cefoperazone, and Rocephin in Experimental Bacterial Meningitis
AU - Schaad, U. B.
AU - McCracken, G. H.
AU - Loock, C. A.
AU - Thomas, M. L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by a grant from Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Schaad was an Infectious Disease Research Fellow supported by the Swiss Foundation for Scholarships in Medicine and Biology.
PY - 1981/2
Y1 - 1981/2
N2 - The pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of four /Mactam antibiotics were studied in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rabbits using two test strains, Escherichia coli type Kl and group B Streptococcus type III, and 24 gram-positive isolates. Although moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin are active in vitro against gram-negative bacilli, the gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus faecalis were resistant to all four drugs; group B streptococci were resistant to moxalactam. In rabbit CSF, moxalactam had the greatest concentration and penetration, but rocephin had the longest half-life and duration of bactericidal activity. These two drugs were most effective in the CSF of E. coli Kl-infected rabbits. Except for moxalactam, the four drugs were comparable to ampicillin in reducing counts of group B Streptococcus type III in CSF. Drug accumulation in CSF and appreciable bacterial killing were observed in E. coli Kl-infected animals given moxalactam either periodically or by constant infusion.
AB - The pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of four /Mactam antibiotics were studied in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rabbits using two test strains, Escherichia coli type Kl and group B Streptococcus type III, and 24 gram-positive isolates. Although moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin are active in vitro against gram-negative bacilli, the gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus faecalis were resistant to all four drugs; group B streptococci were resistant to moxalactam. In rabbit CSF, moxalactam had the greatest concentration and penetration, but rocephin had the longest half-life and duration of bactericidal activity. These two drugs were most effective in the CSF of E. coli Kl-infected rabbits. Except for moxalactam, the four drugs were comparable to ampicillin in reducing counts of group B Streptococcus type III in CSF. Drug accumulation in CSF and appreciable bacterial killing were observed in E. coli Kl-infected animals given moxalactam either periodically or by constant infusion.
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U2 - 10.1093/infdis/143.2.156
DO - 10.1093/infdis/143.2.156
M3 - Article
C2 - 6260870
AN - SCOPUS:0019420974
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 143
SP - 156
EP - 163
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 2
ER -