TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
AU - Newton, Kimberly P.
AU - Hou, Jiayi
AU - Crimmins, Nancy A.
AU - Lavine, Joel E.
AU - Barlow, Sarah E.
AU - Xanthakos, Stavra A.
AU - Africa, Jonathan
AU - Behling, Cynthia
AU - Donithan, Michele
AU - Clark, Jeanne M.
AU - Schwimmer, Jeffrey B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/10/1
Y1 - 2016/10/1
N2 - IMPORTANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major chronic liver disease in children in the United States and is associated with insulin resistance. In adults, NAFLD is also associated with type 2 diabetes. To our knowledge, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children with NAFLD is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in children with NAFLD and assess type 2 diabetes and prediabetes as risk factors for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Thiswas a multicenter, cross-sectional study at 12 pediatric clinical centers across the United States participating in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases NASH Clinical Research Network. Children younger than 18 years with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD enrolled in the NASH Clinical Research Network. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The presence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes as determined by American Diabetes Association screening criteria using clinical history and fasting laboratory values. RESULTS There were 675 children with NAFLD included in the study with a mean age of 12.6 years and mean body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 32.5. Most of the children were boys (480 of 675) and Hispanic (445 of 675).The estimated prevalence of prediabetes was 23.4%(95%CI, 20.2%-26.6%), and the estimated prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 6.5%(95%CI, 4.6%-8.4%). Girls with NAFLD had 1.6 (95%CI, 1.04-2.40) times greater odds of having prediabetes and 5.0 (95%CI, 2.49-9.98) times greater odds of having type 2 diabetes than boys with NAFLD. The prevalence of NASH was higher in those with type 2 diabetes (43.2%) compared with prediabetes (34.2%) or normal glucose (22%) (P < .001). The odds of having NASH were significantly higher in those with prediabetes (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.21-2.9) or type 2 diabetes (OR, 3.1; 95%CI, 1.5-6.2) compared with those with normal glucose. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, nearly 30% of children with NAFLD also had type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. These children had greater odds of having NASH and thus were at greater long-term risk for adverse hepatic outcomes.
AB - IMPORTANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major chronic liver disease in children in the United States and is associated with insulin resistance. In adults, NAFLD is also associated with type 2 diabetes. To our knowledge, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children with NAFLD is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in children with NAFLD and assess type 2 diabetes and prediabetes as risk factors for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Thiswas a multicenter, cross-sectional study at 12 pediatric clinical centers across the United States participating in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases NASH Clinical Research Network. Children younger than 18 years with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD enrolled in the NASH Clinical Research Network. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The presence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes as determined by American Diabetes Association screening criteria using clinical history and fasting laboratory values. RESULTS There were 675 children with NAFLD included in the study with a mean age of 12.6 years and mean body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 32.5. Most of the children were boys (480 of 675) and Hispanic (445 of 675).The estimated prevalence of prediabetes was 23.4%(95%CI, 20.2%-26.6%), and the estimated prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 6.5%(95%CI, 4.6%-8.4%). Girls with NAFLD had 1.6 (95%CI, 1.04-2.40) times greater odds of having prediabetes and 5.0 (95%CI, 2.49-9.98) times greater odds of having type 2 diabetes than boys with NAFLD. The prevalence of NASH was higher in those with type 2 diabetes (43.2%) compared with prediabetes (34.2%) or normal glucose (22%) (P < .001). The odds of having NASH were significantly higher in those with prediabetes (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.21-2.9) or type 2 diabetes (OR, 3.1; 95%CI, 1.5-6.2) compared with those with normal glucose. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, nearly 30% of children with NAFLD also had type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. These children had greater odds of having NASH and thus were at greater long-term risk for adverse hepatic outcomes.
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U2 - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1971
DO - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1971
M3 - Article
C2 - 27478956
AN - SCOPUS:84996503693
SN - 2168-6203
VL - 170
JO - JAMA pediatrics
JF - JAMA pediatrics
IS - 10
M1 - e161971
ER -